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The Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place between the 13th and the 18th centuries. Earlier Muslim conquests in the subcontinent include the invasions which started in the northwestern subcontinent (modern-day Pakistan), especially the Umayyad campaigns during the 8th century.

The following list is an overview of and topical guide to the English Wikipedia articles available about the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent.

First phase (8th to 10th centuries)[edit]

Add a one paragraph summary of this phase of the subject. It should reflect the content in above article section but should be a summary.


Event	Name of the Kingdom	Year of downfall	Indian leader	Muslim kingdom	Muslim leader	Notes
Umayyad conquest of Sindh	Chacha dynasty	712	Dahir of Aror	Umayyad Caliphate	Muhammad ibn al-Qasim	Sind (caliphal province).^[1]
Arab Conquest of Maitrika Kingdom	Maitraka Dynasty	789	Siladitya VII	Abbasid Caliphate	Amrubin Jamal	Sind (caliphal province)^[2]
Arab conquest of Kaikan	Jats of Kaikan	9th century	Qiyani Zutts	Umayyad Caliphate	Imran bin Musa al Barmaki	Umayyad Caliphate.^[3]

Second phase (11th to 12th centuries)[edit]

Add a one paragraph summary of this phase of the subject. It should reflect the content in above article section but should be a summary.


Event	Name of the Kingdom	Year of downfall	Indian leader	Muslim kingdom	Muslim leader	Notes
Arab conquest of Kaikan	Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty	1018	Rajyapala	Ghaznavid empire	Mahmud of Ghazni	Gurjara-Pratihara becomes a vassal state of the Ghaznavids.^[4]
Ghaznavid campaigns in India	Hindu Shahis	1026	Bhimpala	Ghaznavid empire	Mahmud of Ghazni	Ghaznavid empire.^[5]
Ghaznavid invasions of Kannauj	Rashtrakutas of Kannauj	1090	Gopala	Ghaznavid empire	Mahmud of Punjab	Gahadavala dynasty.^[6]
Ghurid campaigns in India	Later Guptas	12th century	Samgramagupta	Ghurid Dynasty	Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji	Ghurid Dynasty.^[7]
Second Battle of Tarain	Chahamanas of Shakambhari	1192	Prithviraj Chauhan	Ghurid Dynasty	Muhammad of Ghor	Chauhans of Shakambhari becomes the vassal of Ghurids, later annexed to the Ghurid empire.^[8]
Battle of Chandawar	Gahadavala dynasty	1193 (according to Firista) 1123(according to Minhaj)	Jayachandra	Ghurid Dynasty	Muhammad of Ghor Iltutmish	Gahadavala becomes a vassal of the Ghurids. Later annexed to Mamluk Sultanate.^[9]
Siege of Gwalior (1196)	Kachchhapaghata dynasty	1196	Sulakshanapala	Ghurid Dynasty	Qutb ud-Din Aibak	Ghurid Dynasty.^[10]
Battle of Kasahrada (1197)	Chahamanas of Naddula	1197	Jayatasimha	Ghurid Dynasty	Qutb ud-Din Aibak	Ghurid Dynasty.^[11]

Third phase (13th to 16th centuries)[edit]

Add a one paragraph summary of this phase of the subject. It should reflect the content in above article section but should be a summary.


Event	Name of the Kingdom	Year of downfall	Indian leader	Muslim kingdom	Muslim leader	Notes
Siege of Kalinjar	Chandelas of Jejakabhukti	1202	Paramardi	Ghurid Dynasty	Qutb ud-Din Aibak	Ghurid Dynasty.^[12]
Ghurid conquest of Bengal	Sena dynasty	1223	Virupaksha Sena Keshav Sena	Ghurid Dynasty	Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khalji	Khalji dynasty of Bengal.^[13]
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Ranthambore	Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura	1301	Hammiradeva	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Khalji Sultanate.^[14]
Siege of Chittorgarh (1303)	Kingdom of Mewar (Guhila dynasty)	1303	Ratnasimha	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Sisodia dynasty.^[15]
Conquest of Sylhet	Gour Kingdom	1303	Gour Govinda	Bengal Sultanate	Shamsuddin Firuz Shah	Bengal Sultanate.^[16]
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Gujarat	Vaghela dynasty	1304	Karna	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Khalji dynasty.^[17]
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Malwa	Paramara dynasty	1305	Mahalakadeva	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Khalji dynasty.^[18]
Siege of Siwana	Paramaras of Siwana	1308	Sitala Deva	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Khalji Sultanate.^[19]
Malik Kafur's invasion of the Pandya kingdom	Chola Dynasty	1310	Koluttunga III	Khalji dynasty	Malik Kafur	Khalji dynasty.^[20]
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Devagiri	Seuna (Yadava) dynasty	1311	Ramachandra of Devagiri	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Vassal of Khalji Sultanate. Later annexation to Khalji Sultanate.^[21]
Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Jalore	Chahamanas of Jalor	1311	Kanhadadeva	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Khalji dynasty.^[22]
Malik Kafur's invasion of the Pandya kingdom	Pandya dynasty	1311	Sundara Pandya	Khalji dynasty	Malik Kafur	Khalji dynasty. (Except southernmost parts).^[23]
Khalji raid against Yajvapalas	Yajvapala dynasty	1312	Chandradeva	Khalji dynasty	Alauddin Khalji	Alauddin Khalji.^[24]
Siege of Warangal (1323)	Kakatiya dynasty	1323	Prataparudra (POW)	Tughlaq Sultanate	Muhammad bin Tughlaq	Tughlaq Sultanate.^[25]
Capture of Sinhagad	Koli Ranas	1328	Nag Nayak of Sinhagad	Tughlaq Sultanate	Muhammad bin Tughlaq	Tughlaq Sultanate.^[26]
Fall of Kampili Kingdom	Kampili Kingdom	1328	Kampilideva	Tughlaq Sultanate	Muhammad bin Tughlaq	Tughlaq Sultanate.^[27]
Fall of Mithila	Karnats of Mithila	1324	Harisimhadeva (fled to Nepal)	Tughlaq Sultanate	Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq	Tughlaq Sultanate.^[28]
Shah Mir rebellion	Lohara dynasty	1339	Queen Kota	Shah Mir dynasty	Shah Mir	Shah Mir dynasty.^[29]
Siege of Dwarasamudra	Hoysala Kingdom	1346	Veera Ballala III	Madurai Sultanate	Ghiyas-ud-din of Madurai	Vijayanagara Empire.^[30]
Bahmani–Vijayanagar War (1362–1367)	Musunuri Nayakas	1368	Kanhaiyya	Bahmani Sultanate	Mohammed Shah I	Bahmani Sultanate.^[31]
Fall of Gondwana	Kingdom of Kherla	1433	Narsingh Rai	Malwa Sultanate	Hoshang Shah	Malwa Sultanate.^[32]
Malwa Sultanate capture of Kalauli	Yadavas of Karauli	1454	Chandrapal	Malwa Sultanate	Mahmud Khalji	Malwa Sultanate.^[33]
Fall of Junagadh	Chudasama dynasty	1472	Mandalika III	Gujarat Sultanate	Mahmud Begada	Gujarat Sultanate.^[34]
History of Champaner	Chauhans of Champaner	1484	Rawal Jai Singh	Gujarat Sultanate	Mahmud Begada	Gujarat Sultanate.^[35]
Capture of Janjira	Kolis of Janjira	1489	Ram Patil	Ahmadnagar Sultanate	Malik Ahmad Nizam Shah I	Ahmadnagar Sultanate.^[36]
Bengal Sultanate–Kamata Kingdom War	Khen dynasty	1498	Nilambor	Bengal Sultanate	Alauddin Husain Shah	Bengal Sultanate.^[37]
Tomara dynasty	Tomaras of Dholpur	1505	Vinayak Deva	Lodi Sultanate	Sikandar Khan Lodi	Lodi Sultanate.^[38]
Siege of Gwalior (1518)	Tomaras of Gwalior	1518	Vikramjeet Tomar	Lodi Sultanate	Ibrahim Lodi	Lodi Sultanate.^[39]
Bengal Sultanate conquest of Mithila	Oiniwar dynasty	1526	Kansnarayan	Bengal Sultanate	Nasiruddin Nasrat Shah	Bengal Sultanate.^[40]
Bengal Sultanate conquest of Orissa	Chalukya rule in Orissa	1568	Mukunda Deva	Bengal Sultanate	Sulaiman Khan Karrani	Bengal Sultanate.^[41]
Conquest of Bakla	Chandradwip Kingdom	1611	Ramachandra Basu	Mughal Empire	Islam Khan I	Mughal Empire.^[42]
Capture of Koch Hajo	Koch Hajo	1613	Parikshit	Mughal Empire	Mukarram Khan	Mughal Empire.^[43]
Mughal conquest of Mewar	Kingdom of Mewar (Sisodia dynasty)	1616	Amar Singh I	Mughal Empire	Shah Jahan	Vassal of the Mughals.^[44]
Siege of Orchha (1635)	Bundela Rajputs of Orchha	1635	Jhujhar Singh	Mughal Empire	Aurangzeb	Mughal empire.^[45]
Mughal conquest of Baglana	Rashtrakutas of Baglana	1637	Baharji	Mughal Empire	Aurangzeb	Mughal Empire.^[46]
Fall of Vijayanagar	Vijayanagara Empire	1646	Sriranga III	Bijapur Sultanate Golconda Sultanate	Mohammed Adil Shah Abdullah Qutb Shah	Deccan Sultanates.^[47]
Fall of Madurai Nayaks	Madurai Nayak dynasty	1736	Meenakshi	Carnatic Sultanate	Chanda Sahib	Mughal Empire.^[48]
Mysore invasion of Calicut	Kingdom of Calicut	1757	Zamorin	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[49]
Campaigns of Hyder Ali	Nayakas of Keladi	1763	Queen Virammaji	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[50]
Palakkad Fort	Kingdom of Palakkad	1766	Palakkad Raja	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[51]
Campaigns of Hyder Ali	Nayakas of Chitradurga	1779	Madakari Nayaka	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[52]

Fourth phase (17th to 18th centuries)[edit]

Add a one paragraph summary of this phase of the subject. It should reflect the content in above article section but should be a summary.

Event	Name of the Kingdom	Year of downfall	Indian leader	Muslim kingdom	Muslim leader	Notes
Conquest of Bakla	Chandradwip Kingdom	1611	Ramachandra Basu	Mughal Empire	Islam Khan I	Mughal Empire.^[42]
Capture of Koch Hajo	Koch Hajo	1613	Parikshit	Mughal Empire	Mukarram Khan	Mughal Empire.^[43]
Mughal conquest of Mewar	Kingdom of Mewar (Sisodia dynasty)	1616	Amar Singh I	Mughal Empire	Shah Jahan	Vassal of the Mughals.^[44]
Siege of Orchha (1635)	Bundela Rajputs of Orchha	1635	Jhujhar Singh	Mughal Empire	Aurangzeb	Mughal empire.^[45]
Mughal conquest of Baglana	Rashtrakutas of Baglana	1637	Baharji	Mughal Empire	Aurangzeb	Mughal Empire.^[46]
Fall of Vijayanagar	Vijayanagara Empire	1646	Sriranga III	Bijapur Sultanate Golconda Sultanate	Mohammed Adil Shah Abdullah Qutb Shah	Deccan Sultanates.^[47]
Fall of Madurai Nayaks	Madurai Nayak dynasty	1736	Meenakshi	Carnatic Sultanate	Chanda Sahib	Mughal Empire.^[48]
Mysore invasion of Calicut	Kingdom of Calicut	1757	Zamorin	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[49]
Campaigns of Hyder Ali	Nayakas of Keladi	1763	Queen Virammaji	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[50]
Palakkad Fort	Kingdom of Palakkad	1766	Palakkad Raja	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[51]
Campaigns of Hyder Ali	Nayakas of Chitradurga	1779	Madakari Nayaka	Mysore Sultanate	Hyder Ali	Mysore Sultanate.^[52]

Notes[edit]

References[edit]

^ Asif, Manan Ahmed (2016). A Book of Conquest: The Chachnama and Muslim Origins in South Asia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97241-4.
^ Patel, Kalahans (1996). Cultural Heritage of Gujarat. Good Companions. p. 106."life began to be disturbed with the first Arab attack on Vallabhi in 724 A.D., during Maitraka's rule. Other muslim attacks destroyed the Vallabhi and ended the Maitraka's rule in about 789 A.D"
^ Barve, Shashikant V. (1995). Introduction to Classical Arabic: A Contribution to Islamic and Oriental Studies. S.V. Barve. p. 451.
^ Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan. Rupa & Company. pp. 191–192. ISBN 978-81-291-0890-6.
^ Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International. p. 343. ISBN 978-81-224-1198-0.
^ Kapoor, Subodh (2002). Ancient Hindu Society: Including Races, Dynasties, Politics, War, Law Enforcement, Social and Caste Systems, Economics, Life-style, Women, Traditions and Habits of the Ancient Indians. Cosmo Publications. p. 87. ISBN 978-81-7755-375-8.
^ The History and Culture of the Indian People: The struggle for empire. G. Allen & Unwin. 1951. p. 49.
^ Singh, R. B. (1964). History of the Chāhamānas. N. Kishore. p. 221.
^ Niyogi, Roma (1959). The History of the Gāhadavāla Dynasty. Calcutta Oriental Book Agency. pp. 113–120.
^ Lal, Srivastava Ashirbadi (1950). The Sultanate Of Delhi. Shiva Lal Agarwala and Co. p. 79.
^ Singh 1964, pp. 252–265.
^ Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1966). The Sultanate of Delhi, 711-1526 A.D.: Including the Arab Invasion of Sindh, Hindu Rule in Afghanistan and Causes of the Defeat of the Hindus in Early Medieval Age. Shiva Lal Agarwala. p. 81.
^ Majumdar, R. c. History Of Bengal Vol.1. p. 277. There is no doubt that the final extinction of the Sena power is due as much to the pressure of the Muslim invaders as to the rebellions of feudal chiefs
^ Hooja 2006, p. 308.
^ Lal, Kishori Saran (1968). History of the Khaljis, A.D. 1290-1320. Asia Publishing House. pp. 115–130.
^ Sufis of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Kitab Bhavan. 2002. p. 243. ISBN 978-81-7151-318-5.
^ Lal 1950, p. 82-87.
^ Lal, Kishori Saran (1968). History of the Khaljis, A.D. 1290-1320. Asia Publishing House. pp. 133–134.
^ Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
^ Rai, Bhai Gulshan (1942). Early History of India. S. Chand & Company. p. 238.
^ Pandey, Awadh Bihari (1970). Early Medieval India. Central Book Depot. p. 125.
^ Lal 1950, p. 138.
^ Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
^ Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.
^ Sastry, Putcha Vasudeva Parabrahma (1978). The Kākatiyas of Warangal. Government of Andhra Pradesh. pp. 135–139.
^ Sharma, Shripad Rama (1951). The Making of Modern India: From A. D. 1526 to the Present Day. Orient Longmans. p. 197.
^ Storm, Mary (2015-08-12). Head and Heart: Valour and Self-Sacrifice in the Art of India. Routledge. p. 311. ISBN 978-1-317-32556-7.
^ Chandreshwar Prasad Narayan Sinha (1979-01-04). Mithila Under the Karnatas, C. 1097-1325 A.D. pp. 121–122.
^ Majumdar, R. C. (2016-01-01). Ancient India. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 362. ISBN 978-81-208-0435-7.
^ Allan, John; Haig, Sir Wolseley; Dodwell, Henry (1964). The Cambridge Shorter History of India. S. Chand. p. 172.
^ Talbot, Cynthia (2001-09-20). Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 978-0-19-803123-9.
^ Mehta, Behram H. (1984). Gonds of the Central Indian Highlands: A Study of the Dynamics of Gond Society. Concept Publishing Company. p. 266.
^ Hooja 2006, p. 403.
^ Gupta, R. K.; Bakshi, S. R. (2008). Studies In Indian History: Rajasthan Through The Ages The Heritage Of Rajputs (Set Of 5 Vols.). Sarup & Sons. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-81-7625-841-8.
^ Saklani, Dinesh Prasad (1999). Cities & Sites of Ancient & Medieval India. Winsar Books. p. 71. ISBN 978-81-86844-08-3.
^ Yimene, Ababu Minda (2004). An African Indian Community in Hyderabad: Siddi Identity, Its Maintenance and Change. Cuvillier Verlag. pp. 92–93. ISBN 978-3-86537-206-2.
^ Tamuly, D. N. (2013). The Blessed Island: A Selection of Writings on Majuli and the Neo-Vaishnavite Movement in Assam. Programme Production Centre (North-East), Doordarshan. p. 172.
^ Lal, Kishori Saran (1995). Growth of Scheduled Tribes and Castes in Medieval India. Aditya Prakashan. p. 57. ISBN 978-81-86471-03-6.
^ Misra, B. D. (1993). Forts and Fortresses of Gwalior and Its Hinterland. Manohar Publishers and Distributors. p. 147. ISBN 978-81-7304-047-4.
^ Mishra, Amar Kant (2018-11-23). Ruling Dynasty Of Mithila: Dr.Sir Kameswar Singh. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64429-762-9.
^ Pradhan, Atul Chandra (1984). A Study of History of Orissa: From the Earliest Times to Mukundadeva. Panchashila. p. 124.
^ ^a ^b Sengupta, Nitish K. (2001). History of the Bengali-speaking People. UBS Publishers' Distributors. p. 110. ISBN 978-81-7476-355-6.
^ ^a ^b Saikia, Mohini Kumar (1978). Assam-Muslim Relation and Its Cultural Significance. Luit Printers. p. 133.
^ ^a ^b Richards, John F. (1993). The Mughal Empire. Cambridge University Press. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-521-56603-2.
^ ^a ^b Others, Muzaffar H. Syed & (2022-02-20). History of Indian Nation : Medieval India. K. K. Publications.
^ ^a ^b Quddusi, Mohd Ilyas (2002). Khandesh Under the Mughals, 1601-1724 A.D.: Mainly Based on Persian Sources. Islamic Wonders Bureau. ISBN 978-81-87763-21-5.
^ ^a ^b Bisschop, Peter C.; Cecil, Elizabeth A. (2020-11-09). Primary Sources and Asian Pasts. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 23. ISBN 978-3-11-067426-2.
^ ^a ^b Balendu Sekaram, Kandavalli (1975). The Nayaks of Madura. Hyderabad: Andhra Pradesh Sahithya Akademi. OCLC 4910527.
^ ^a ^b Nair, K. K. (2013). By Sweat and Sword: Trade, Diplomacy and War in Kerala Through the Ages. KK Nair. p. 245. ISBN 978-81-7304-973-6.
^ ^a ^b Fernandes, Praxy (1991). The Tigers of Mysore: A Biography of Hyder Ali & Tipu Sultan. Viking. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-670-83987-2.
^ ^a ^b Footprint India. Footprint Handbooks. 2005. p. 946. ISBN 978-1-904777-43-4.
^ ^a ^b Mysore State, 1956-1966. Director of Publicity & Information, Government of Mysore. 1966. p. 95.

[1] Asif, Manan Ahmed (2016). A Book of Conquest: The Chachnama and Muslim Origins in South Asia. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-97241-4.

[2] Patel, Kalahans (1996). Cultural Heritage of Gujarat. Good Companions. p. 106."life began to be disturbed with the first Arab attack on Vallabhi in 724 A.D., during Maitraka's rule. Other muslim attacks destroyed the Vallabhi and ended the Maitraka's rule in about 789 A.D"

[3] Barve, Shashikant V. (1995). Introduction to Classical Arabic: A Contribution to Islamic and Oriental Studies. S.V. Barve. p. 451.

[4] Hooja, Rima (2006). A History of Rajasthan. Rupa & Company. pp. 191–192. ISBN 978-81-291-0890-6.

[5] Sen, Sailendra Nath (1999). Ancient Indian History and Civilization. New Age International. p. 343. ISBN 978-81-224-1198-0.

[6] Kapoor, Subodh (2002). Ancient Hindu Society: Including Races, Dynasties, Politics, War, Law Enforcement, Social and Caste Systems, Economics, Life-style, Women, Traditions and Habits of the Ancient Indians. Cosmo Publications. p. 87. ISBN 978-81-7755-375-8.

[7] The History and Culture of the Indian People: The struggle for empire. G. Allen & Unwin. 1951. p. 49.

[8] Singh, R. B. (1964). History of the Chāhamānas. N. Kishore. p. 221.

[9] Niyogi, Roma (1959). The History of the Gāhadavāla Dynasty. Calcutta Oriental Book Agency. pp. 113–120.

[10] Lal, Srivastava Ashirbadi (1950). The Sultanate Of Delhi. Shiva Lal Agarwala and Co. p. 79.

[FOOTNOTESingh1964252–265-11] Singh 1964, pp. 252–265.

[12] Srivastava, Ashirbadi Lal (1966). The Sultanate of Delhi, 711-1526 A.D.: Including the Arab Invasion of Sindh, Hindu Rule in Afghanistan and Causes of the Defeat of the Hindus in Early Medieval Age. Shiva Lal Agarwala. p. 81.

[13] Majumdar, R. c. History Of Bengal Vol.1. p. 277. There is no doubt that the final extinction of the Sena power is due as much to the pressure of the Muslim invaders as to the rebellions of feudal chiefs

[FOOTNOTEHooja2006308-14] Hooja 2006, p. 308.

[15] Lal, Kishori Saran (1968). History of the Khaljis, A.D. 1290-1320. Asia Publishing House. pp. 115–130.

[16] Sufis of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Kitab Bhavan. 2002. p. 243. ISBN 978-81-7151-318-5.

[FOOTNOTELal195082-87-17] Lal 1950, p. 82-87.

[18] Lal, Kishori Saran (1968). History of the Khaljis, A.D. 1290-1320. Asia Publishing House. pp. 133–134.

[19] Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.

[20] Rai, Bhai Gulshan (1942). Early History of India. S. Chand & Company. p. 238.

[21] Pandey, Awadh Bihari (1970). Early Medieval India. Central Book Depot. p. 125.

[FOOTNOTELal1950138-22] Lal 1950, p. 138.

[23] Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.

[24] Jackson, Peter (2003-10-16). The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History. Cambridge University Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-521-54329-3.

[25] Sastry, Putcha Vasudeva Parabrahma (1978). The Kākatiyas of Warangal. Government of Andhra Pradesh. pp. 135–139.

[26] Sharma, Shripad Rama (1951). The Making of Modern India: From A. D. 1526 to the Present Day. Orient Longmans. p. 197.

[27] Storm, Mary (2015-08-12). Head and Heart: Valour and Self-Sacrifice in the Art of India. Routledge. p. 311. ISBN 978-1-317-32556-7.

[28] Chandreshwar Prasad Narayan Sinha (1979-01-04). Mithila Under the Karnatas, C. 1097-1325 A.D. pp. 121–122.

[29] Majumdar, R. C. (2016-01-01). Ancient India. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 362. ISBN 978-81-208-0435-7.

[30] Allan, John; Haig, Sir Wolseley; Dodwell, Henry (1964). The Cambridge Shorter History of India. S. Chand. p. 172.

[31] Talbot, Cynthia (2001-09-20). Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Press. pp. 177–178. ISBN 978-0-19-803123-9.

[32] Mehta, Behram H. (1984). Gonds of the Central Indian Highlands: A Study of the Dynamics of Gond Society. Concept Publishing Company. p. 266.

[FOOTNOTEHooja2006403-33] Hooja 2006, p. 403.

[34] Gupta, R. K.; Bakshi, S. R. (2008). Studies In Indian History: Rajasthan Through The Ages The Heritage Of Rajputs (Set Of 5 Vols.). Sarup & Sons. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-81-7625-841-8.

[35] Saklani, Dinesh Prasad (1999). Cities & Sites of Ancient & Medieval India. Winsar Books. p. 71. ISBN 978-81-86844-08-3.

[36] Yimene, Ababu Minda (2004). An African Indian Community in Hyderabad: Siddi Identity, Its Maintenance and Change. Cuvillier Verlag. pp. 92–93. ISBN 978-3-86537-206-2.

[37] Tamuly, D. N. (2013). The Blessed Island: A Selection of Writings on Majuli and the Neo-Vaishnavite Movement in Assam. Programme Production Centre (North-East), Doordarshan. p. 172.

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