User:Mr. Ibrahem/Oxandrolone
Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Oxandrin, Anavar, others |
Other names | Var; CB-8075; NSC-67068; SC-11585; Protivar; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-4,5α-dihydrotestosterone; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-DHT; 17α-Methyl-2-oxa-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a604024 |
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Androgen; anabolic steroid |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 97%[1] |
Protein binding | 94–97%[1] |
Metabolism | Kidneys (primarily), liver[3][1] |
Elimination half-life | Adults: 9.4–10.4 hours[1][2] Elderly: 13.3 hours[2] |
Excretion | Urine: 28% (unchanged)[2] Feces: 3%[2] |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C19H30O3 |
Molar mass | 306.446 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Oxandrolone, sold under the brand names Oxandrin among others, is a manufactured androgen and anabolic steroid (AAS).[4] It is used to promote weight gain in those losing weight, prevent protein breakdown caused by long-term corticosteroids, and bone pain associated with osteoporosis.[4][5] It is taken by mouth.[4]
Common side effects include liver problems and lipid abnormalities.[4] Other side effects may include heart failure, misuse, acne, increased hair growth, and voice changes.[4] Use during pregnancy may harm the baby.[4] Oxandrolone activates the androgen receptor (AR), the biological target of testosterone.[6] It has greater anabolic than androgenic effects.[4]
Oxandrolone was approved for medical use in the United States in 1964.[4] It is not medically available in the United Kingdom.[6] In the United States 60 tablets of 10 mg costs about 284 USD as of 2020.[7] It has also been inappropriately used to improve physique and performance in sports.[4] It is a controlled substance in many countries, so nonmedical is generally illegal.[8][9][10]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d Ashraf Mozayani; Lionel Raymon (15 October 2003). Handbook of Drug Interactions: A Clinical and Forensic Guide. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 513–. ISBN 978-1-59259-654-6. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
- ^ a b c d Miller JT, Btaiche IF (February 2009). "Oxandrolone treatment in adults with severe thermal injury" (PDF). Pharmacotherapy. 29 (2): 213–26. doi:10.1592/phco.29.2.213. hdl:2027.42/90285. PMID 19170590. S2CID 25780591. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2019-08-30.
- ^ R.A.S Hemat (2 March 2003). Andropathy. Urotext. pp. 108–. ISBN 978-1-903737-08-8. Archived from the original on 2021-07-25. Retrieved 2017-11-06.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Oxandrolone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ^ a b Li H, Guo Y, Yang Z, Roy M, Guo Q (June 2016). "The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Burns. 42 (4): 717–27. doi:10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023. PMID 26454425.
- ^ a b Kicman AT (June 2008). "Pharmacology of anabolic steroids". British Journal of Pharmacology. 154 (3): 502–21. doi:10.1038/bjp.2008.165. PMC 2439524. PMID 18500378.
- ^ "Oxandrolone Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips". GoodRx. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
- ^ "Controlled Substances Act". United States Food and Drug Administration. 11 June 2009. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2016.
- ^ Branch, Legislative Services. "Consolidated federal laws of Canada, Controlled Drugs and Substances Act". laws-lois.justice.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 2017-02-05. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
- ^ "List of most commonly encountered drugs currently controlled under the misuse of drugs legislation - GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 2019-12-08. Retrieved 2017-01-14.